Ancient Egyptian Mummification

[edit] The Mahalo Top 7

1. Crystalinks: Mummification
2. Spurlock Museum: History of Mummification
3. Tour Egypt: Gods of Ancient Egypt
4. Ancient Egypt: Embalming the body
5. Museum of Science: The Egyptian Afterlife
6. Akhet: Clickable Mummy
7. Egypt Artsite: An Egyptian Mummification

[edit] Ancient Egyptian Mummification Background and Causes

• Encyclopedia Smithsonian: Egyptian Mummies
• Australian Museum Online: Background Information
• Minneapolis Institute of Arts: Mummy case of Lady Teshat
• h2g2: Mummies
• Everything2: Sokushinbutsu-Self-mummification

[edit] Ancient Egyptian Mummification Central Figures

[edit] Gods & Religion

• Carnegie Museum of Natural History: Life in Ancient Egypt: Gods & Religion
• AlDokkan: Four Sons of Horus
• Windows to the Universe: Horus
• Tour Egypt: Ra
• Ancient Egypt: Gods and Goddesses
• History Link101: Role of Priest

[edit] Best Preserved Mummies

• Eyelid: Thutmose III-The Napolean of Ancient Egypt
• Tour Egypt: Amenhotep II
• Glint of Gold: Tutankhamen
• Geocities: Ramses II
• Homestead: Seti I

[edit] Papyri writings on Mummification

• SciELO: Chungara-Surgical Procedures during Ancient Egypt
• Tour Egypt: Book of the Dead
• Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery: The Rosetta Stone

[edit] Ancient Egyptian Mummification Fun Stuff

• Museum Of Science: Plan Your Journey Game
• Cleveland Museum of Art: Senet-Game of the Pharoahs
• Cleveland Museum of Art: Hounds and Jackals

[edit] Ancient Egyptian Mummification Images and Media

• YouTube: Mummification
• BBC: Fancy Footwork from Ancient Egyptians
• The Theban Royal Mummy Project: Unidentified Mummies Gallery
• History Link 101: Pictures of Egyptian Mummies
• Carlos Emory: Physical Evidence-Photos

[edit] Ancient Egyptian Mummification Books and Research

• Amazon.com: Egyptian Mummies-Unraveling the secrets of an ancient art
• Amazon.com: Encyclopedia of Mummies
• Barnes & Noble: The Mummy
• Barnes & Noble: Society and Death in Ancient Egypt
• Alibris: Mummies, Bones and Body Parts
• Alibris: Mummies of the Pharoahs: Exploring the Valley of Kings

[edit] Ancient Egyptian Mummification Blogs and Message Boards

• Tour Egypt: Mummification Museum Lecture
• Egyptologist: Mummification used today
• FACTNet: Summun
• The Thinking Blog: Self-Mummified Monks of Japan
• Neat O Rama: Worlds Most Famous Corpse

[edit] Ancient Egyptian Mummification Timeline

[edit] 4650-3050 BCE (Predynastic Period)

• Mummies created using natural heat

[edit] 3050-2181 BCE (The Early Dynastic Period and Old Kingdom)

• Earliest attempt at preservation
• Linen soaked in resin covered in plaster used
• Organs removed
• Natron used

[edit] 2613-2498 BCE (Dynasty 4 Period)

• Embalming began

[edit] 2181-1570 BCE (First Intermediate Period, Middle Kingdom, Second Intermediate Period)

• Viscera removed
• Fingernails/Toenails tied on
• All organs but heart and kidneys removed
• Body cavity stuffed
• Death masks created

[edit] 1570-1069 BCE (New Kingdom)

• Mummification lasts 70 days
• Each stage accompanied by ritual
• Amulets, jewelry, masks wrapped on body

[edit] 1069 BCE-395 CE (After the New Kingdom)

• Tombs robbed, bodies reburied with ceremonies
• Packing materials used under skin
• Viscera repacked in body

[edit] After Dynasty 21

• Black resin used instead of traditional methods
• Less attention to the body, more to appearance
• Pyramid Age (2800-2250 B.C.) had the most impressive tombs
• Modern mummification introduced by Summon in 1975

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